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CHANDRA Observations of the X-ray Halo around the Crab Nebula

机译:CHANDRA对蟹状星云周围X射线晕的观测

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摘要

Two Chandra observations have been used to search for thermal X-ray emission from within and around the Crab Nebula. Dead-time was minimized by excluding the brightest part of the Nebula from the field of view. A dust-scattered halo comprising 5% of the strength of the Crab is clearly detected with surface brightness measured out to a radial distance of 18 arcminutes. Coverage is 100% at 4 arcminutes, 50% at 12 arcminutes, and 25% at 18 arcminutes. The observed halo is compared with predictions based on 3 different interstellar grain models and one can be adjusted to fit the observation. This dust halo and mirror scattering form a high background region which has been searched for emission from shock-heated material in an outer shell. We find no evidence for such emission. We can set upper limits a factor of 10-1000 less than the surface brightness observed from outer shells around similar remnants. The upper limit for X-ray luminosity of an outer shell is about 10e34 erg/s. Although it is possible to reconcile our observation with an 8-13 solar mass progenitor, we argue that this is unlikely.
机译:已使用两项钱德拉(Chandra)观测来搜索蟹状星云内部和周围的热X射线发射。通过从视野中排除星云最亮的部分,将死区时间最小化。可以清楚地检测到灰尘散布的光晕,占蟹蟹强度的5%,而径向亮度为18弧分时测得的表面亮度。覆盖率为4弧分时100%,12弧分时50%和18弧分时25%。将观测到的光环与基于3种不同星际谷物模型的预测进行比较,可以对其中一种进行调整以适合观测。灰尘晕圈和反射镜的散射形成了一个高背景区域,该背景区域已被寻找以寻找外壳中激波加热材料的发射。我们找不到这种排放的证据。我们可以将上限设置为比类似残迹周围的外壳观察到的表面亮度小10-1000倍。外壳的X射线发光度的上限约为10e34 erg / s。尽管有可能使我们的观测结果与8-13的太阳质量祖细胞相吻合,但我们认为这不太可能。

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